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Table3. Physical examinations

Items
Check the vital signs (body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation)
Examination of head (face, hair, scalp, and skull)
Examination of eye (visual field, pupil, light reflex eye movement, proptosis, conjunctiva)
Examination of ear (assessment of the pinna and hearing)
Examination of the external auditory canal and eardrum using an otoscope
Examination of the lips, oral cavity, pharynx, and tonsils
Examination of the sinuses
Observation of the anterior nasal cavity using a rhinoscope
Examination of thyroid gland, cervical vessels, trachea, and salivary glands
Examination of the lymph nodes of the head and neck
Inspection, palpation, and percussion of the chest
Auscultation of breath sounds and added sounds
Auscultation of heart sounds and murmurs
Inspection, auscultation (bowel sounds and bruits), percussion, and palpation of the abdomen
Identification of pain on percussion over the spine
Digital rectal examination (including prostate examination)
Breast examination
Assessment of level of consciousness
Examination of the cranial nerves
Examination of the fundi
Examination of tendon reflexes
Examination of cerebellar function and the motor system
Examination of the sensory system (pain, temperature, touch, and deep sensation)
Identification of signs of meningeal irritation
Examination of limbs and spine (kyphosis and pain)
Examination of joints (range of motion, swelling, pain, and deformity)
Musculoskeletal examination (manual muscle strength testing)
Gynecological examination (bimanual examination and use of Cusco’s speculum)
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA)